Job

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Chapters in Job

1. Job 1: Job Loses Everything and Worships

   Job, a wealthy man of integrity who reveres God, regularly offers sacrifices for his children. When Satan claims Job serves God only for his blessings, the LORD lets him strike all Job owns but not Job himself; raiders, fire and a windstorm take his herds, servants and children, yet Job worships and does not sin.

2. Job 2: Job Struck With Sores

   Satan claims Job will turn on God if his own body suffers, and the LORD allows it but forbids taking his life. Covered in painful sores, Job rejects his wife’s urging to curse God, and three friends arrive, weep over him and sit with him in silence for a week.

3. Job 3: Job Laments His Birth

   After a week of silence Job speaks, wishing his birthday and the night he was conceived had been erased. He asks why he did not die as an infant, imagines the dead at rest where great and small lie together, and describes his own life as full of turmoil with no peace.

4. Job 4: Eliphaz Answers Job

   Eliphaz the Temanite begins the friends’ first round of speeches, reminding Job how he once encouraged others and arguing that the innocent are never destroyed. He then describes a terrifying night vision whose message is that no human can surpass God in righteousness or purity, since people are frail as dust.

5. Job 5: Eliphaz Urges Job to Seek God

   Eliphaz continues his speech, describing how fools are suddenly ruined and urging Job to bring his case to God, who lifts the lowly and traps the crafty. He calls God’s correction a blessing, promises Job safety and long life if he accepts it, and insists his teaching is proven.

6. Job 6: Job Replies to Eliphaz

   Job answers Eliphaz, saying his grief is heavier than all the sand by the sea and that God’s arrows have struck him. He longs for God to end his life, compares his friends to streams that dry up in summer, and pleads with them to show him his wrong and to reconsider.

7. Job 7: Job Complains That Life Is Brief

   Job continues his reply by comparing human life to a laborer’s hard service and his own days to a passing breath. He refuses to stay silent, protests that God watches him relentlessly and troubles even his sleep, and asks why God does not forgive him before he dies.

8. Job 8: Bildad Defends God’s Justice

   Bildad the Shuhite insists that God never twists justice and suggests that Job’s children died for their own sins. He urges Job to seek God, appeals to the wisdom of earlier generations, and uses images of withering reeds and a fragile web for the godless, before promising Job renewed joy if he is blameless.

9. Job 9: Job Longs for a Mediator

   Job asks how any mortal could be in the right before God, whose wisdom and power rule mountains, sea and stars. He feels unable to argue his case, charges that God ruins innocent and guilty alike, and laments that no one stands between him and God to settle the dispute.

10. Job 10: Job Questions His Maker

    Job tells God he is weary of life and asks why God is bringing charges against him. He recalls how God formed him with care and kept him alive, then asks why he was born at all and pleads for a short respite before he goes to the realm of the dead.

11. Job 11: Zophar Calls Job to Repent

    Zophar, the third friend, rebukes Job for claiming to be pure and says God is punishing him less than he deserves. He stresses that God's wisdom is beyond human reach, then urges Job to turn from sin, promising a secure and hopeful life while warning that the wicked will not escape.

12. Job 12: Job Affirms God's Rule Over All

    Job answers his friends with sarcasm, insisting he understands as much as they do and complaining that he, an upright man, is mocked while robbers live in peace. He says all creation knows God's hand is at work, and he describes God's wisdom and power to overturn counselors, kings, priests and nations.

13. Job 13: Job Appeals Directly to God

    Job tells his friends their arguments are useless and false, and he warns that God will judge them for defending Him dishonestly. He resolves to keep trusting God even at the cost of his life, and he asks God to stop terrifying him, name his sins, and answer him.

14. Job 14: The Brevity of Human Life

    Job laments that human life is short, troubled, and fixed in length by God. He contrasts a felled tree that sprouts again with a man who dies and stays in the grave, asks whether the dead can return to life, and ends grieving that God wears away human hope.

15. Job 15: Eliphaz Speaks a Second Time

    Eliphaz the Temanite answers Job again, saying Job’s own words prove his guilt and mocking him as though he claimed all wisdom. He argues that no human can be pure before God and describes the dread, loss, and ruin that he says always come upon the wicked.

16. Job 16: Job Appeals to a Witness on High

    Job answers Eliphaz by calling his friends poor comforters who only add to his pain. He describes God as an enemy who has worn him down and made him a target, yet insists he is innocent and looks to a heavenly witness to speak for him before he dies.

17. Job 17: Job's Hope Fades Toward the Grave

    Job continues his reply, saying his spirit is crushed and death is near. He asks God to stand as his guarantor, mourns that he has become a public object of scorn, and wonders whether any hope can remain if the grave is to be his only home.

18. Job 18: Bildad Describes the Fate of the Wicked

    Bildad the Shuhite answers Job a second time, offended that Job treats the friends as fools. He paints a long picture of the wicked man whose light goes out, who is caught in traps, loses his descendants, and is forgotten, implying that Job's ruin proves his guilt.

19. Job 19: Job's Confidence in a Living Redeemer

    Job rebukes his friends for tormenting him and says God has wronged him, besieging him like an army. Shunned by relatives, servants, friends, and even his wife, he begs for pity, then voices his certainty that his Redeemer is alive and that he will see God with his own eyes, and he warns the friends of judgment.

20. Job 20: Zophar on the Short Joy of the Wicked

    Zophar, stung by what he hears as an insulting rebuke, gives his second speech, insisting that the success of evil people has always been brief. He pictures the wicked man’s gains turning to poison, his oppression of the poor bringing ruin, and heaven and earth testifying against him as God’s anger falls.

21. Job 21: Job Asks Why the Wicked Prosper

    Job asks his friends simply to listen, then challenges their claim that the wicked are quickly punished. He points out that many evil people live long and see their families thrive, that death comes alike to the comfortable and the miserable, and that the wicked often get honored burials, so their comfort is empty.

22. Job 22: Eliphaz Accuses Job of Great Sins

    In his third speech Eliphaz argues that God gains nothing from human goodness and charges Job with cruelty to the poor, widows, and orphans, accusations the book’s opening shows to be false. He then urges Job to make peace with God and promises restored blessing and answered prayer.

23. Job 23: Job Longs to Find God

    Job wishes he could locate God and lay his case before Him, yet he searches in every direction without finding Him. He trusts that God knows his path and that testing will prove him genuine, and though he dreads a God whose purposes no one can resist, he will not keep quiet.

24. Job 24: Why Does God Delay Judgment

    Job asks why God does not set times to judge the wicked. He describes oppressors who steal land and exploit the poor, the hungry who labor without food, and criminals who work under cover of night, then says the mighty rise briefly before God brings them down, and he dares anyone to refute him.

25. Job 25: Bildad on Human Impurity

    Bildad gives his brief final speech, praising God’s rule and His countless troops. He asks how any mortal can be right with God when even the moon and stars fall short of purity, and he compares human beings to maggots and worms.

26. Job 26: The Edges of God’s Power

    Job mocks the worthless help Bildad has offered him. He then praises God’s power over the realm of the dead, the earth, the clouds, the moon and the sea, and concludes that all these works show only a faint glimpse of God’s full might.

27. Job 27: Job Holds Fast to His Integrity

    Job swears by the living God that he will never admit his friends are right or give up his innocence while he has breath. He then asks what hope the godless have before God and describes how the wicked lose their children, their wealth and their lives in sudden ruin.

28. Job 28: Where Wisdom Is Found

    A poem on wisdom describes miners digging deep into the earth to bring hidden metals and jewels to light, yet no one can find or buy wisdom. Only God knows where wisdom is, and He tells humanity that true wisdom is reverence for the Lord and turning away from evil.

29. Job 29: Job Remembers His Former Days

    Job looks back with longing on the time when God protected him and his children were with him. He recalls the honor he received at the city gate, his care for the poor, orphans, widows, the blind and the lame, and how people hung on his counsel as he led them like a chief.

30. Job 30: Job Laments His Present Humiliation

    Job contrasts his former honor with his present disgrace, as younger men from families he once scorned now ridicule him and spit at him. He says God has humbled him, ignores his pleas and drives him toward death, and he ends grieving his sickness, loneliness and lost joy.

31. Job 31: Job’s Final Oath of Innocence

    Job closes his defense by swearing he is innocent of lust, dishonesty, adultery, and unfair treatment of servants, the poor, widows, orphans and strangers. He denies trusting wealth, worshiping the heavens, gloating over enemies or hiding sin, then signs his case, asks God to answer, and ends with an oath on his land.

32. Job 32: Elihu Begins to Speak

    When the three friends give up answering Job, a younger man named Elihu steps forward, angry with Job for defending himself over God and with the friends for condemning Job without refuting him. Elihu says he held back out of respect for age, but that understanding is God’s gift, and he vows to show no partiality.

33. Job 33: Elihu Says God Speaks Through Pain

    Elihu addresses Job as a fellow creature and disputes Job’s claim that God never answers. He says God warns people through dreams and through sickness to turn them back from ruin, pictures a messenger who pleads for a dying man, and ends by inviting Job to reply or to listen and learn.

34. Job 34: Elihu Defends God’s Justice

    Elihu calls on wise listeners to judge Job’s claim that God has treated him unjustly. He insists that God never does wrong, that all life depends on Him, and that He judges kings and the powerful without favoritism and sees every deed, then accuses Job of speaking without insight and compounding his sin with rebellion.

35. Job 35: Elihu on What Righteousness Gives God

    Elihu charges Job with claiming to be more in the right than God and with seeing no gain in avoiding sin. He argues that human sin and goodness cannot harm or enrich God, that the oppressed cry for relief without seeking their Maker, and that Job speaks to no purpose.

36. Job 36: Elihu Exalts God's Justice and Greatness

    Elihu continues speaking on God's behalf, saying the mighty God despises no one and uses affliction to instruct and rescue people. He tells Job he is under judgment, warns him against wealth, bribes and wrongdoing, then praises God's greatness beyond knowing, seen in rain, clouds, thunder and lightning.

37. Job 37: Elihu Describes God's Majesty in the Storm

    Elihu describes thunder, lightning, snow, rain and ice as God's works, sent to punish or to benefit His land, out of His loving devotion. He presses Job to consider wonders he cannot explain, and closes by picturing God coming in radiant majesty, mighty and just, beyond human reach and worthy of fear.

38. Job 38: The LORD Speaks From the Storm

    The LORD finally answers Job from a whirlwind, rebuking him for speaking without understanding and turning the questions back on him. God asks where Job was when the world was founded and the sea given its limits, and whether he rules dawn, weather, stars, and the feeding of lions and ravens.

39. Job 39: God’s Care for the Wild Animals

    The LORD continues questioning Job about the wild animals He made and sustains. He points to the birth of mountain goats, the free wild donkey, the untamable wild ox, the odd ostrich, the fearless war horse, and the soaring hawk and eagle, all guided by His wisdom rather than Job’s.

40. Job 40: Job's Silence and Behemoth's Might

    The LORD challenges Job to answer Him, and Job admits he is small and will say no more. Speaking again from the storm, God asks whether Job would condemn Him to clear himself, dares him to rule the proud, and describes the mighty Behemoth that only its Maker can master.

41. Job 41: The LORD Describes Leviathan

    The LORD continues His second speech by asking whether Job could catch or tame the fearsome Leviathan. Since no one dares to rouse this creature, no one can stand against God, who owes nothing to anyone and owns all things. The poem pictures Leviathan's armor, fiery breath and strength, which no weapon can overcome.

42. Job 42: Job Repents and Is Restored

    Job confesses that God can do anything, admits he spoke of things beyond him, and repents after meeting God for himself. The LORD rebukes Eliphaz, Bildad and Zophar, who must offer sacrifices while Job prays for them. God then restores Job with double his former wealth, a new family and a long life.