Psalms 55 Study Notes: Betrayed by a Close Friend
David pours out his fear and wishes he could fly away from the violence filling the city. His deepest wound is a trusted companion turned traitor, yet he prays day and night, urges others to hand their burdens to the LORD, and ends in trust.
General
According to Psalm 55:12-14, who is the one taunting David?
Answer: A companion he once worshiped beside
David says he could bear an insult from an open enemy, and he could hide from someone who had always been against him (55:12). What wounds him is that the attacker is his equal, his own close companion and trusted friend (55:13). They had enjoyed warm friendship and had gone up to God's house together among the worshipers (55:14). Later David says this companion broke his covenant, the solemn promise of friendship (55:20). The same grief appears in Psalm 41:9, where a trusted friend who shared David's bread turned against him, and Jesus applied that verse to Judas (John 13:18), who betrayed Him with a kiss (Matthew 26:49).
- Psalm 55:12-14 (BSB)“For it is not an enemy who insults me; that I could endure. It is not a foe who rises against me; from him I could hide. But it is you, a man like myself, my companion and close friend. We shared sweet fellowship together; we walked with the crowd into the house of God.”David says the one attacking him is not an open enemy but a close friend and fellow worshiper.
- Psalm 41:9 (BSB)“Even my close friend whom I trusted, the one who shared my bread, has lifted up his heel against me.”Another psalm of David grieves over a trusted friend who turned against him.
- John 13:18 (BSB)“I am not speaking about all of you; I know whom I have chosen. But this is to fulfill the Scripture: ‘The one who shares My bread has lifted up his heel against Me.’”Jesus applies Psalm 41:9 to Judas's betrayal.
- Matthew 26:49 (BSB)“Going directly to Jesus, he said, “Greetings, Rabbi!” and kissed Him.”Judas betrayed Jesus with a greeting and a kiss.
Theological
According to Psalm 55:12-14, who is the attacker whose taunting wounds David so deeply?
Answer: A companion he once worshiped beside
The sting of 55:12-14 is intimacy: an open enemy could be endured or avoided, but the assailant is David's equal and close companion, one with whom he shared fellowship and worship in God's house. The treachery is covenant-breaking (55:20). The same pattern appears in Psalm 41:9, which Jesus applies to Judas (John 13:18), whose betrayal came under the sign of friendship (Matthew 26:49).
- Psalm 55:12-14 (BSB)“For it is not an enemy who insults me; that I could endure. It is not a foe who rises against me; from him I could hide. But it is you, a man like myself, my companion and close friend. We shared sweet fellowship together; we walked with the crowd into the house of God.”David says the one attacking him is not an open enemy but a close friend and fellow worshiper.
- Psalm 41:9 (BSB)“Even my close friend whom I trusted, the one who shared my bread, has lifted up his heel against me.”Another psalm of David grieves over a trusted friend who turned against him.
- John 13:18 (BSB)“I am not speaking about all of you; I know whom I have chosen. But this is to fulfill the Scripture: ‘The one who shares My bread has lifted up his heel against Me.’”Jesus applies Psalm 41:9 to Judas's betrayal.
- Matthew 26:49 (BSB)“Going directly to Jesus, he said, “Greetings, Rabbi!” and kissed Him.”Judas betrayed Jesus with a greeting and a kiss.
General
What does David urge in Psalm 55:22, and what promise comes with it?
Answer: Hand your load to the LORD, who will uphold you
Near the end, David turns to speak to others: throw your burden on the LORD, who will hold you up; He will never allow the righteous, those who belong to Him and trust Him, to be overthrown (55:22). By contrast, God will bring violent and deceitful men down to destruction, and their lives will be cut short (55:23). The psalm ends with David's simple statement of trust in God, the same trust Psalm 37:5 urges when it tells God's people to entrust their path to the LORD and rely on Him to act. Peter echoes this invitation when he tells believers to throw all their worries on God, who cares for them (1 Peter 5:7), and Jesus promises that His sheep will never be seized from His hand (John 10:28-29).
- Psalm 55:22-23 (BSB)“Cast your burden upon the LORD and He will sustain you; He will never let the righteous be shaken. But You, O God, will bring them down to the Pit of destruction; men of bloodshed and deceit will not live out half their days. But I will trust in You.”David urges casting burdens on the LORD, contrasts the fate of the violent, and closes in trust.
- 1 Peter 5:7 (BSB)“Cast all your anxiety on Him, because He cares for you.”Peter calls believers to cast all their anxiety on God because He cares for them.
- John 10:28-29 (BSB)“I give them eternal life, and they will never perish. No one can snatch them out of My hand. My Father who has given them to Me is greater than all. No one can snatch them out of My Father’s hand.”Jesus promises that His sheep will never perish or be snatched from His hand.
- Psalm 37:5 (BSB)“Commit your way to the LORD; trust in Him, and He will do it.”Committing one's way to the LORD and trusting Him is the path of the righteous.
Theological
What exhortation and promise does Psalm 55:22 give?
Answer: Hand your load to the LORD, who will uphold you
The lament turns outward into exhortation: cast your burden on the LORD, who will sustain you and will never permit the righteous to be moved (55:22). The promise is God's preservation of His people, set in contrast with the ruin of violent and deceitful men (55:23), and the psalm closes on the psalmist's trust, the very response Psalm 37:5 commends in entrusting one's path to the LORD. Peter's exhortation to cast all anxiety on God echoes the verse (1 Peter 5:7), and the security of the righteous is grounded in Christ's keeping of His sheep (John 10:28-29).
- Psalm 55:22-23 (BSB)“Cast your burden upon the LORD and He will sustain you; He will never let the righteous be shaken. But You, O God, will bring them down to the Pit of destruction; men of bloodshed and deceit will not live out half their days. But I will trust in You.”David urges casting burdens on the LORD, contrasts the fate of the violent, and closes in trust.
- 1 Peter 5:7 (BSB)“Cast all your anxiety on Him, because He cares for you.”Peter calls believers to cast all their anxiety on God because He cares for them.
- John 10:28-29 (BSB)“I give them eternal life, and they will never perish. No one can snatch them out of My hand. My Father who has given them to Me is greater than all. No one can snatch them out of My Father’s hand.”Jesus promises that His sheep will never perish or be snatched from His hand.
- Psalm 37:5 (BSB)“Commit your way to the LORD; trust in Him, and He will do it.”Committing one's way to the LORD and trusting Him is the path of the righteous.
General
What does David ask the Lord to do to the wicked in the city in Psalm 55:9?
Answer: Throw their speech into confusion and disorder
David sees violence and strife inside the city. Violence and strife prowl its walls day and night, while malice, trouble and destruction are inside, and oppression and lies never leave its streets (55:9-11). He asks the Lord to throw their speech into confusion so that their schemes fall apart. The request recalls Babel, where the LORD confused human language and scattered those who were building a city (Genesis 11:7-9). David prayed in a similar way during Absalom's revolt, asking the LORD to turn a counselor's advice into foolishness (2 Samuel 15:31), and another psalm praises the LORD for thwarting what the nations devise (Psalm 33:10).
- Psalm 55:9-11 (BSB)“O Lord, confuse and confound their speech, for I see violence and strife in the city. Day and night they encircle the walls, while malice and trouble lie within. Destruction is within; oppression and deceit never leave the streets.”David asks God to confuse the speech of the wicked who fill the city with violence.
- Genesis 11:7-9 (BSB)“Come, let Us go down and confuse their language, so that they will not understand one another’s speech.” So the LORD scattered them from there over the face of all the earth, and they stopped building the city. That is why it is called Babel, for there the LORD confused the language of the whole world, and from that place the LORD scattered them over the face of all the earth.”At Babel the LORD confused language and scattered the city's builders.
- 2 Samuel 15:31 (BSB)“Now someone told David: “Ahithophel is among the conspirators with Absalom.” So David pleaded, “O LORD, please turn the counsel of Ahithophel into foolishness!””David asked the LORD to turn a hostile counselor's advice into foolishness.
- Psalm 33:10 (BSB)“The LORD frustrates the plans of the nations; He thwarts the devices of the peoples.”The LORD frustrates the plans of the nations and peoples.
Theological
What petition does David make against the wicked in the city in Psalm 55:9?
Answer: Throw their speech into confusion and disorder
Seeing violence and strife encircling the city walls day and night, with malice and destruction inside and oppression and fraud constantly in its streets (55:9-11), David asks the Lord to throw into confusion the wicked's speech. The petition echoes Babel, where God confused language and scattered the builders (Genesis 11:7-9), and it parallels David's prayer against Ahithophel's counsel during Absalom's revolt (2 Samuel 15:31). God's sovereign frustration of human plans is a recurring confession of the Psalter (Psalm 33:10).
- Psalm 55:9-11 (BSB)“O Lord, confuse and confound their speech, for I see violence and strife in the city. Day and night they encircle the walls, while malice and trouble lie within. Destruction is within; oppression and deceit never leave the streets.”David asks God to confuse the speech of the wicked who fill the city with violence.
- Genesis 11:7-9 (BSB)“Come, let Us go down and confuse their language, so that they will not understand one another’s speech.” So the LORD scattered them from there over the face of all the earth, and they stopped building the city. That is why it is called Babel, for there the LORD confused the language of the whole world, and from that place the LORD scattered them over the face of all the earth.”At Babel the LORD confused language and scattered the city's builders.
- 2 Samuel 15:31 (BSB)“Now someone told David: “Ahithophel is among the conspirators with Absalom.” So David pleaded, “O LORD, please turn the counsel of Ahithophel into foolishness!””David asked the LORD to turn a hostile counselor's advice into foolishness.
- Psalm 33:10 (BSB)“The LORD frustrates the plans of the nations; He thwarts the devices of the peoples.”The LORD frustrates the plans of the nations and peoples.
General
How does David describe his inner state as the enemy presses him in Psalm 55:2-5?
Answer: Shaken with dread, as if death were attacking him
David does not hide his fear. He is restless and upset by the enemy's shouting and the weight of the wicked's oppression (55:2-3). His heart pounds, the fear of death falls on him, and trembling and horror overwhelm him (55:4-5). Scripture lets God's people bring raw distress to Him in prayer. In another psalm David called to the LORD in his distress and was heard (Psalm 18:6), and Jesus Himself told His disciples in Gethsemane that His soul was crushed with sorrow almost to death (Matthew 26:38).
- Psalm 55:2-5 (BSB)“Attend to me and answer me. I am restless in my complaint, and distraught at the voice of the enemy, at the pressure of the wicked. For they bring down disaster upon me and resent me in their anger. My heart pounds within me, and the terrors of death assail me. Fear and trembling grip me, and horror has overwhelmed me.”David describes his restlessness, pounding heart, and the fear of death that grips him.
- Psalm 18:6 (BSB)“In my distress I called upon the LORD; I cried to my God for help. From His temple He heard my voice, and my cry for His help reached His ears.”David called to the LORD in distress, and God heard him.
- Matthew 26:38 (BSB)“Then He said to them, “My soul is consumed with sorrow to the point of death. Stay here and keep watch with Me.””Jesus spoke openly of His overwhelming sorrow before His arrest.
Theological
How does the opening lament of Psalm 55:2-5 portray the psalmist's condition?
Answer: Shaken with dread, as if death were attacking him
The lament opens with vivid distress: restlessness under the enemy's voice (55:2-3), a pounding heart, death's terrors, trembling and horror (55:4-5). The psalm voices fear candidly before God rather than suppressing it. David's cry in distress is heard in Psalm 18:6, and Christ Himself in Gethsemane confessed a soul overwhelmed with deathly sorrow (Matthew 26:38).
- Psalm 55:2-5 (BSB)“Attend to me and answer me. I am restless in my complaint, and distraught at the voice of the enemy, at the pressure of the wicked. For they bring down disaster upon me and resent me in their anger. My heart pounds within me, and the terrors of death assail me. Fear and trembling grip me, and horror has overwhelmed me.”David describes his restlessness, pounding heart, and the fear of death that grips him.
- Psalm 18:6 (BSB)“In my distress I called upon the LORD; I cried to my God for help. From His temple He heard my voice, and my cry for His help reached His ears.”David called to the LORD in distress, and God heard him.
- Matthew 26:38 (BSB)“Then He said to them, “My soul is consumed with sorrow to the point of death. Stay here and keep watch with Me.””Jesus spoke openly of His overwhelming sorrow before His arrest.
General
What does David wish he could do in Psalm 55:6-8?
Answer: Fly far off and settle in the desert
David longs to escape. He wishes he had a dove's wings so he could fly off, stay far away in the desert, and hurry to shelter from the storm raging around him (55:6-8). The wish is honest, but the psalm does not stop there: David turns from wanting to flee to calling on God, who saves him (55:16). The prophet Jeremiah voiced a similar longing to leave a faithless people for a lodging in the wilderness (Jeremiah 9:2). Jesus invites the weary to come to Him for rest (Matthew 11:28), and the psalm itself points the troubled to the LORD (55:22).
- Psalm 55:6-8 (BSB)“I said, “Oh, that I had wings like a dove! I would fly away and find rest. How far away I would flee! In the wilderness I would remain. Selah I would hurry to my shelter, far from this raging tempest.””David wishes he could fly away like a dove to shelter in the wilderness.
- Psalm 55:16 (BSB)“But I call to God, and the LORD saves me.”David turns from the wish to escape to calling on the LORD, who saves him.
- Jeremiah 9:2 (BSB)“If only I had a traveler’s lodge in the wilderness, I would abandon my people and depart from them, for they are all adulterers, a crowd of faithless people.”Jeremiah voices a similar wish to escape a faithless people to the wilderness.
- Matthew 11:28 (BSB)“Come to Me, all you who are weary and burdened, and I will give you rest.”Jesus offers rest to the weary who come to Him.
Theological
What escape does David long for in Psalm 55:6-8?
Answer: Fly far off and settle in the desert
The longing for a dove's wings (55:6-8) expresses the instinct to flee rather than endure. The psalm does not rebuke the wish, but it redirects it: the movement is from escape to invocation, from the wish to flee to calling on God (55:16). Jeremiah voices a parallel desire to abandon a faithless people for a wilderness lodging (Jeremiah 9:2). The rest the psalmist seeks is found in the LORD, and Christ offers that rest to the weary who come to Him (Matthew 11:28).
- Psalm 55:6-8 (BSB)“I said, “Oh, that I had wings like a dove! I would fly away and find rest. How far away I would flee! In the wilderness I would remain. Selah I would hurry to my shelter, far from this raging tempest.””David wishes he could fly away like a dove to shelter in the wilderness.
- Psalm 55:16 (BSB)“But I call to God, and the LORD saves me.”David turns from the wish to escape to calling on the LORD, who saves him.
- Jeremiah 9:2 (BSB)“If only I had a traveler’s lodge in the wilderness, I would abandon my people and depart from them, for they are all adulterers, a crowd of faithless people.”Jeremiah voices a similar wish to escape a faithless people to the wilderness.
- Matthew 11:28 (BSB)“Come to Me, all you who are weary and burdened, and I will give you rest.”Jesus offers rest to the weary who come to Him.
General
When does David say he cries out to God in Psalm 55:17?
Answer: At dawn, at midday, and at nightfall
David says that when he calls on God, the LORD rescues him (55:16). He cries out in his distress all through the day, and he is heard (55:17). God rescues his life and gives him peace in the battle against him, even though many are opposed (55:18). Daniel later knelt to pray and give thanks at three set times each day, even when it put his life at risk (Daniel 6:10), and Paul tells believers to keep praying without stopping (1 Thessalonians 5:17).
- Psalm 55:16-18 (BSB)“But I call to God, and the LORD saves me. Morning, noon, and night, I cry out in distress, and He hears my voice. He redeems my soul in peace from the battle waged against me, even though many oppose me.”David calls to God throughout the day, and God hears and redeems him.
- Daniel 6:10 (BSB)“Now when Daniel learned that the document had been signed, he went into his house, where the windows of his upper room opened toward Jerusalem, and three times a day he got down on his knees, prayed, and gave thanks to his God, just as he had done before.”Daniel prayed three times a day even under threat of death.
- 1 Thessalonians 5:17 (BSB)“Pray without ceasing.”Paul calls believers to constant prayer.
Theological
What pattern of prayer does David describe in Psalm 55:16-17?
Answer: At dawn, at midday, and at nightfall
Against the treachery, David sets his own persevering prayer: he calls on God and is saved by the LORD (55:16); he cries out at dawn, at midday and at nightfall, and God hears (55:17); God ransoms his soul in peace despite many adversaries (55:18). Daniel's thrice-daily prayer under threat of death offers a parallel (Daniel 6:10), and Paul calls the church to unceasing prayer (1 Thessalonians 5:17).
- Psalm 55:16-18 (BSB)“But I call to God, and the LORD saves me. Morning, noon, and night, I cry out in distress, and He hears my voice. He redeems my soul in peace from the battle waged against me, even though many oppose me.”David calls to God throughout the day, and God hears and redeems him.
- Daniel 6:10 (BSB)“Now when Daniel learned that the document had been signed, he went into his house, where the windows of his upper room opened toward Jerusalem, and three times a day he got down on his knees, prayed, and gave thanks to his God, just as he had done before.”Daniel prayed three times a day even under threat of death.
- 1 Thessalonians 5:17 (BSB)“Pray without ceasing.”Paul calls believers to constant prayer.
General
True or False: In Psalm 55:15, David asks that his treacherous enemies be taken by death and go down to the grave alive, giving as his reason that evil lives among them.
Answer: True
This is true. David asks that death take his enemies by surprise and that they descend to Sheol, the realm of the dead, while still alive (55:15). His stated reason is that evil makes its home with them. The wording recalls Korah's rebellion, when the ground opened and swallowed the rebels (Numbers 16:32-33). David is not plotting revenge; he asks God to judge persistent, violent wickedness, leaving vengeance with the LORD, as Paul also teaches (Romans 12:19). Jesus calls His followers to love enemies and to pray for persecutors (Matthew 5:44), and Christians have understood how prayers like this one relate to that command in different ways.
- Psalm 55:15 (BSB)“Let death seize them by surprise; let them go down to Sheol alive, for evil is with them in their homes.”David asks God to bring sudden death on the treacherous because evil lives among them.
- Numbers 16:32-33 (BSB)“and the earth opened its mouth and swallowed them and their households—all Korah’s men and all their possessions. They went down alive into Sheol with all they owned. The earth closed over them, and they vanished from the assembly.”Korah's rebels were swallowed by the earth and went down alive into Sheol.
- Romans 12:19 (BSB)“Do not avenge yourselves, beloved, but leave room for God’s wrath. For it is written: “Vengeance is Mine; I will repay, says the Lord.””Vengeance belongs to God, not to the one who has been wronged.
- Matthew 5:44 (BSB)“But I tell you, love your enemies and pray for those who persecute you,”Jesus commands His followers to love their enemies and pray for them.
Theological
True or False: Psalm 55:15 asks that the treacherous be taken by death and descend alive to Sheol, on the ground that evil dwells among them.
Answer: True
This is true. The imprecation asks that death seize the treacherous and that they descend alive to Sheol (55:15), because evil dwells among them. The language evokes the judgment on Korah's company (Numbers 16:32-33). The prayer commits retribution to God rather than seeking it personally, in line with the principle Paul applies in Romans 12:19. Christ commands love and prayer for enemies (Matthew 5:44), and Christians have related the imprecatory psalms to that command in different ways.
- Psalm 55:15 (BSB)“Let death seize them by surprise; let them go down to Sheol alive, for evil is with them in their homes.”David asks God to bring sudden death on the treacherous because evil lives among them.
- Numbers 16:32-33 (BSB)“and the earth opened its mouth and swallowed them and their households—all Korah’s men and all their possessions. They went down alive into Sheol with all they owned. The earth closed over them, and they vanished from the assembly.”Korah's rebels were swallowed by the earth and went down alive into Sheol.
- Romans 12:19 (BSB)“Do not avenge yourselves, beloved, but leave room for God’s wrath. For it is written: “Vengeance is Mine; I will repay, says the Lord.””Vengeance belongs to God, not to the one who has been wronged.
- Matthew 5:44 (BSB)“But I tell you, love your enemies and pray for those who persecute you,”Jesus commands His followers to love their enemies and pray for them.
General
How does David describe the betrayer's speech in Psalm 55:21?
Answer: Gentle on the surface but hiding hostility
The false friend attacks those who were at peace with him and breaks his covenant (55:20). His words glide like butter and soothe like oil, yet his heart is set on war and his words cut like drawn swords (55:21). The danger is not open threats but pleasant words that cover hostility. Proverbs warns that a hateful person disguises himself with gracious speech while hiding deceit inside (Proverbs 26:24-25), and David elsewhere describes wicked people who talk of peace with those around them while planning harm (Psalm 28:3).
- Psalm 55:20-21 (BSB)“My companion attacks his friends; he violates his covenant. His speech is smooth as butter, but war is in his heart. His words are softer than oil, yet they are swords unsheathed.”The companion breaks covenant, speaking smoothly while hiding war in his heart.
- Proverbs 26:24-25 (BSB)“A hateful man disguises himself with his speech, but he lays up deceit in his heart. When he speaks graciously, do not believe him, for seven abominations fill his heart.”A hateful person hides deceit behind gracious speech.
- Psalm 28:3 (BSB)“Do not drag me away with the wicked, and with the workers of iniquity, who speak peace to their neighbors while malice is in their hearts.”The wicked speak peace to their neighbors while malice fills their hearts.
Theological
What contrast does Psalm 55:21 draw in describing the treacherous companion?
Answer: Gentle on the surface but hiding hostility
The treacherous companion violates covenant (55:20), and his speech embodies the duplicity: smooth as butter and soft as oil, yet war in his heart and swords in his words (55:21). The Wisdom literature exposes this same disguise of hostility beneath gracious speech (Proverbs 26:24-25), and David elsewhere prays not to be counted with those who speak peace while harboring malice (Psalm 28:3).
- Psalm 55:20-21 (BSB)“My companion attacks his friends; he violates his covenant. His speech is smooth as butter, but war is in his heart. His words are softer than oil, yet they are swords unsheathed.”The companion breaks covenant, speaking smoothly while hiding war in his heart.
- Proverbs 26:24-25 (BSB)“A hateful man disguises himself with his speech, but he lays up deceit in his heart. When he speaks graciously, do not believe him, for seven abominations fill his heart.”A hateful person hides deceit behind gracious speech.
- Psalm 28:3 (BSB)“Do not drag me away with the wicked, and with the workers of iniquity, who speak peace to their neighbors while malice is in their hearts.”The wicked speak peace to their neighbors while malice fills their hearts.
General
According to Psalm 55:19, why will God, who is enthroned forever, humble David's enemies?
Answer: They refuse to change and do not fear God
David is confident that God, who has reigned from ages past, will hear and bring his enemies low (55:19). The reason given is their hard hearts: they never change their ways, and they do not revere God. Fearing God means honoring Him as holy and knowing we answer to Him. Paul describes the root of human wickedness the same way, saying that people do not hold God in awe at all (Romans 3:18), and he warns that a stubborn heart that will not repent stores up wrath (Romans 2:5). Another psalm celebrates the LORD reigning as King for all time (Psalm 29:10).
- Psalm 55:19 (BSB)“God will hear and humiliate them—the One enthroned for the ages—Selah because they do not change and they have no fear of God.”God, enthroned forever, will humble the enemies because they do not change or fear Him.
- Romans 3:18 (BSB)““There is no fear of God before their eyes.””Paul names the absence of the fear of God as the root of human wickedness.
- Romans 2:5 (BSB)“But because of your hard and unrepentant heart, you are storing up wrath against yourself for the day of wrath, when God’s righteous judgment will be revealed.”An unrepentant heart stores up wrath for God's righteous judgment.
- Psalm 29:10 (BSB)“The LORD sits enthroned over the flood; the LORD is enthroned as King forever.”The LORD sits enthroned as King forever.
Theological
What reason does Psalm 55:19 give for God's humbling of the psalmist's enemies?
Answer: They refuse to change and do not fear God
God, enthroned from of old, will hear and humble the enemies (55:19), because they refuse to change and do not revere God. Impenitence and the absence of the fear of God are the marks of hardened wickedness; Paul uses the same diagnosis in his indictment of humanity (Romans 3:18) and warns that an unrepentant heart treasures up wrath against the coming judgment (Romans 2:5). The judge is the eternal King (Psalm 29:10).
- Psalm 55:19 (BSB)“God will hear and humiliate them—the One enthroned for the ages—Selah because they do not change and they have no fear of God.”God, enthroned forever, will humble the enemies because they do not change or fear Him.
- Romans 3:18 (BSB)““There is no fear of God before their eyes.””Paul names the absence of the fear of God as the root of human wickedness.
- Romans 2:5 (BSB)“But because of your hard and unrepentant heart, you are storing up wrath against yourself for the day of wrath, when God’s righteous judgment will be revealed.”An unrepentant heart stores up wrath for God's righteous judgment.
- Psalm 29:10 (BSB)“The LORD sits enthroned over the flood; the LORD is enthroned as King forever.”The LORD sits enthroned as King forever.